physics class 10 fusion reaction,HAZARDS OF RADIATIONS AND SAFETY MEASURES

NUCLEAR
FUSION

Definition:

When two light nuclei combine to
form a heavier nucleus, the process is
called nuclear fusion.

Explanation:

The
mass of the final nucleus is always less than the masses of
the original
nuclei.

According to
mass-energy relation
E=mc^2

this loss of mass
converts into energy.

Nuclear
Reaction:

 If an atom of Deuterium is fused
with an
atom of Tritium, then a Helium nucleus or alpha particle is
formed as given by

Energy coming from the Sun and stars is
supposed to be the
result of
fusion of hydrogen nuclei into Helium nucleus with release of
energy. The temperature at the centre of the Sun is
nearly 20
million kelvin which makes the fusion favourable.

According to this reaction, four hydrogen nuclei fuse
together to
form a helium nucleus alongwith 25.7
MeV of
energy.

HAZARDS
OF RADIATIONS AND SAFETY

MEASURES

1.Radiation
burns,
mainly due to beta and gamma radiations, which may cause redness and sores on the skin.

2. Sterility ( i.e., inability to produce children).

3. Genetic mutations in both human and
plants. Some
children are
born with serious deformities

4. Leukemia (cancer of the blood cells).

5. Blindness or formation of cataract in the eye.

Safety precautions:.

1. The sources should only be handled with tongs and forceps.

2. The user should use rubber gloves and hands should

be washed carefully after the experiment.

3. All radioactive sources should be stored in thick lead
containers.

4. Never point a radioactive source towards a person.

5. Frequent visits to the radiation sensitive areas should
be avoided.